8.1(A)^ identify the major eras in U.S. history through 1877, including colonization, … and describe their causes and effects 8.2(A) identify reasons for English, Spanish, and French exploration and colonization of North America 8.3(A) explain the reasons for the growth of representative government and institutions during the colonial period 8.7(C) analyze the impact of slavery on different sections of the United States 8.10(B)^ compare places and regions of the United States in terms of physical and human characteristics 8.10(C)^ analyze the effects of physical and human geographic factors such as weather, landforms, waterways, transportation, and communication on major historical events in the United States 8.11(A)^ analyze how physical characteristics of the environment influenced population distribution, settlement patterns, and economic activities in the United States 8.12(B) explain reasons for the development of the plantation system, the transatlantic slave trade, and the spread of slavery 8.12(C)^ analyze the causes and effects of economic differences among different regions of the United States at selected times 8.15(D)^ analyze … the principles of limited government, republicanism, … popular sovereignty, … 8.23(A) identify racial, ethnic, and religious groups that settled in the United States and explain their reasons for immigration 8.1(B)^ explain the significance of the following dates: 1607, founding of Jamestown; 1620, arrival of the Pilgrims and signing of the Mayflower Compact; … 8.2(B) compare political, economic, religious, and social reasons for the establishment of the 13 English colonies 8.3(B) analyze the importance of the Mayflower Compact, the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, and the Virginia House of Burgesses to the growth of representative government 8.3(C) describe how religion and virtue contributed to the growth of representative government in the American colonies 8.7(B) compare the effects of political, economic, and social factors on slaves and free blacks 8.10(A)^ locate places and regions directly related to major eras and turning points in the United States during the 17th, 18th, … centuries 8.11(B)^ describe the positive and negative consequences of human modification of the physical environment of the United States 8.12(A)^ identify economic differences among different regions of the United States 8.15(E) explain the role of significant individuals such as Thomas Hooker, Charles de Montesquieu, and John Locke in the development of self‐government in colonial America 8.23(D)^ analyze the contributions of people of various racial, ethnic, and religious groups to our national identity 8.25(A) trace the development of religious freedom in the United States